Researchers at the 麻豆夜市 are working on a system that relies on ozone to decontaminate masks worn by health care personnel to protect them from airborne pathogens.
The tight-fitting masks are a type of personal protective equipment, or PPE. They are designed to be worn only once by medical professionals assisting patients with highly infectious diseases, such as coronavirus.
Dr. Mark Zappi, director of the Energy Institute of Louisiana at 麻豆夜市, is leading a team of faculty and student researchers to develop a process for disinfecting the masks.
During the COVID-19 outbreak, supply chain shortages have required health care personnel in some of the hardest hit regions of the country to wear masks multiple times. Some medical professionals have resorted to creating homemade masks from fabric or cardboard.
That鈥檚 left scientists, including researchers at the University, working long hours to devise ways for decontaminating masks so they can be reworn.
The method being researched by Zappi鈥檚 team involves placing masks in a tubular reactor 鈥 a sealed pipelike chamber made of transparent PVC plastic. The prototype reactor is about 5 feet long, with a 6-inch internal diameter. 鈥淚t鈥檚 designed to minimize waste by enveloping the mask in ozone. The design also ensures thorough cleansing,鈥 he said.
Masks are placed on a metal rack that slides into the reactor. An ozone generator transfers the gas into the chamber via a length of Teflon tubing for about 10 minutes of exposure.
鈥淭he ozonated gas then goes into a 鈥榙estruct system鈥 which breaks it down so it isn鈥檛 released into the air. And then, the reactor is purged with breathing air to rid the masks of ozone before it鈥檚 opened,鈥 Zappi explained.
The system can be designed to treat more than 50,000 masks a day. The University has applied for a patent for the concept.
鈥淭he process has generated significant interest, including from hospital groups and the U.S. Department of Defense. Plans are to partner with a funding agency with interest in regulatory certification and commercial use,鈥 Zappi said.
Several other methods for decontaminating masks worn by health care personnel are being widely implemented or tested. Treating masks with vaporized hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet radiation are two of them.
Ozone shows promise, however, because it is more comprehensive than UV radiation, which involves directing single rays onto various places on a mask, which can cause spotty results. Hydrogen peroxide isn鈥檛 as strong or effective a disinfectant as ozone.
鈥淥zone is the most powerful oxidizer for viruses. It commonly used to disinfect vegetables, fruits, meat and water. But, as of now, it鈥檚 an unproven technology in the eyes of the Centers for Disease Control,鈥 Zappi said.
Continued trials and testing effectiveness is the next step in 麻豆夜市 researchers鈥 efforts to change that. A big component of that will involve a balancing act, determining the right amount of ozone necessary to decontaminate masks while ensuring the amount isn鈥檛 so high it harms the integrity of the masks.
鈥淭he more ozone used for disinfectant purposes, for example, the more potential for degrading the elastic that holds them to a wearer鈥檚 head wearer鈥檚 head,鈥 Zappi said.
Photo caption: Researchers at the 麻豆夜市 are testing a system that relies on ozone being pumped into a tubular reactor to decontaminate masks worn by health care personnel to protect them from airborne pathogens (shown at right). The masks are placed on a metal rack that slides into the reactor. Once inside the reactor, they are exposed to ozone for about 10 minutes (shown at left). Photo credit: 麻豆夜市